00:00:06
Narrator: JUST WEEKS BEFORE
TESTIFYING AT A CRIMINAL TRIAL, ONE OF THE KEY WITNESSES, A
BRILLIANT RESEARCH SCIENTIST,
00:00:15
WAS MURDERED. FOR 15 YEARS, THERE WERE MANY
SUSPICIONS BUT LITTLE PROOF. IRONICALLY, ADVANCES IN THE VERY
RESEARCH THE VICTIM HAD BEEN
00:00:28
WORKING ON HELPED NAIL HER
KILLER. WHEN YOU ASK FRIENDS AND
COLLEAGUES ABOUT HELENA GREENWOOD, YOU HEAR WORDS
LIKE "BRILLIANT," "QUIET,"
00:01:05
"HONEST," AND "A HARD WORKER." HELENA EARNED A PhD INHEAR WORDS
MICROBIOLOGY AND WAS ANT,"
00:01:11
EXECUTIVE IN THE BIOTECH
INDUSTRY. AND "A HARD WORKER." >> SHE NOT ONLY WAS AN EXCELLENT
SCIENTIST, BUT SHE HAD MARKETING
HELENA EARNED A PhD INHEAR WORDS
MICROBIOLOGY AND WAS ANT,"
00:01:19
SKILLS, AND THOSE TWO THINGS
OFTEN ARE NOT CONCURRENT. >> HELENA WAS VERY
FORWARD-THINKING, ESPECIALLY
00:01:28
LOOKING AT TECHNOLOGY. BUT SHE ALSO KNEW THE POWER THAT
TECHNOLOGY, BY ITSELF, DOESN'T
00:01:34
MARKET A PRODUCT.LOGY. BASICALLY, IT'S THE HUMAN NEED. IF THERE'S A HUMAN NEED, THERE'S
A PRODUCT.
00:01:41
THAT'S REQUIRED. >> Narrator: HELENA AND HER
HUSBAND, ROGER, A LANDSCAPE DESIGNER, LIVED IN ATHERTON...
00:01:52
A QUIET SUBURB OUTSIDE
SAN FRANCISCO. OUR STORY BEGINS ON A SATURDAY
NIGHT IN APRIL OF 1984 WHEN
00:02:03
ROGER WAS OUT OF TOWN ON A
BUSINESS TRIP. IN THE MIDDLE OF THE NIGHT, A
MAN SUDDENLY APPEARED IN
00:02:13
HELENA'S BEDROOM AND THREATENED
TO KILL HER.P. HELENA WAS SEXUALLY ASSAULTED,
THEN ROBBED BEFORE THE ASSAILANT
00:02:21
MADE HIS GETAWAY. >> DR. GREENWOOD DESCRIBED HER
ASSAILANT AS BEING FAIRLY TALL,
00:02:29
SLENDER, ATHLETIC, WITH A
COMPLEXION PERHAPS OF A
MADE HIS GETAWAY. HALF-BLACK OR HISPANIC PERSON,
AN OLIVE COMPLEXION.
00:02:39
SHE COULDN'T SEE HIS FACE
BECAUSE HE HAD A HOODED SWEAT SHIRT PULLED UP SO THAT ONLY HIS
EYES SHOWED.
00:02:46
>> Narrator: THE ASSAILANT
ENTERED THE HOME THROUGH A KITCHEN WINDOW. BUT IT WAS HELENA'S FRIEND WHO
FOUND A KEY PIECE OF EVIDENCE
00:02:56
THAT POLICE HAD OVERLOOKED. OUTSIDE ON THE DECK NEAR THE
KITCHEN WINDOW WAS A TEAPOT FROM
00:03:02
HELENA'S KITCHEN. FORTUNATELY, THE FRIEND HAD THE
GOOD SENSE NOT TO TOUCH IT. >> THAT TEAPOT WAS TAKEN INTO
EVIDENCE, TAKEN TO THE CRIME
00:03:13
LAB, AND FINGERPRINTS WERE
DEVELOPED. IMAGINE THE TEAPOT -- THERE WERE
THREE FINGERPRINTS IN THISME
00:03:20
POSITION, AS THOUGH SOMEONE HAD
PICKED UP THE TEAPOT FROM THE WINDOWSILL AND PLACED IT ON THEE
DECK. FINGERPRINTS IN THISME
00:03:26
>> Narrator: HELENA TOLD POLICE
SHE MADE TEA BEFORE GOING TOE BED, THEN PLACED THE TEAPOT ON
THE WINDOWSILL.
00:03:34
IT APPEARED THE ASSAILANT MOVED
IT BEFORE CRAWLING THROUGH THE BED, THEN PLACED THE TEAPOT ON
WINDOW.DOWSILL.
00:03:41
UNFORTUNATELY, THE FINGERPRINTS
DIDN'T MATCH ANY ON FILE WITHE THE POLICE DEPARTMENT.
00:03:48
WITH NO OTHER LEADS, THE CASE
WENT UNSOLVED UNTIL ONE YEAR LATER. >> A MAN WAS ARRESTED WHILE
EXPOSING HIMSELF TO A
00:03:59
12-YEAR-OLD GIRL OUTSIDE AN
APARTMENT IN BELMONT, CALIFORNIA. THAT SUSPECT WAS
DAVID PAUL FREDIANI.
00:04:08
>> Narrator: BELMONT WAS ONLY
SEVEN MILES FROM HELENA'S HOME. THE SUSPECT, WAS
DAVID PAUL FREDIANI, WAS A
00:04:17
42-YEAR-OLD ACCOUNTANT WITH NO
PRIOR ARRESTS. SINCE FREDIANI RESEMBLED THE MAN
HELENA DESCRIBED, POLICE
00:04:25
COMPARED HIS FINGERPRINTS TO
THOSE FOUND ON HELENA'S TEAPOT. SINCE FREDIANI RESEMBLED THE MAN
THEY MATCHED.BED, POLICE
00:04:32
>> ONE OF THE THINGS I ASKED HIM
WAS -- HE HAD DENIED EVEN BEING
COMPARED HIS FINGERPRINTS TO
THOSE FOUND ON HELENA'S TEAPOT.
00:04:36
INVOLVED IN THE INITIAL SEXUAL
ASSAULT AGAINST MRS. GREENWOOD. I REMEMBER ASKING HIM, "YOU
NEVER ASSAULTED THIS WOMAN?"
00:04:42
HE SAYS, "NO, I NEVER DID ANY OF
THAT." >> THEY THEN TOLD HIM, "WE HAVE
YOUR FINGERPRINTS."
00:04:49
AND THAT POINT, ACCORDING TO
DETECTIVE SHAPOO, FREDIANI TOOK A DEEP BREATH, LET IT OUT, BEGAN
TREMBLING -- HE COULD ACTUALLY
00:04:57
SEE HIS CHEST MOVING IN AND
OUT -- AND MADE A STATEMENT TO THE AFFECT AS, "I WAS REALLY
DRUNK WHEN I DID THOSE THINGS."
00:05:05
HE THEN ASKED FOR A LAWYER AND
REFUSED TO MAKE ANY MORE STATEMENTS. >> AT THE PRELIMINARY HEARING,
WHERE BOTH HELENA AND FREDIANI
00:05:14
WERE PRESENT, SHE WAS ASKED IF
SHE COULD IDENTIFY HIM, AND SHE COULDN'T, NOT POSITIVELY.
00:05:20
AND OUT OF THAT ARISES ONE OF
THE GREAT MYSTERIES OF THIS WHOLE CASE. >> Narrator: BUT THE
FINGERPRINTS ON THE TEAPOT WERE
00:05:30
ALL THE PROSECUTION NEEDED, SO
THE CASE HEADED TO TRIAL. SADLY, HELENA GREENWOOD DIDN'T
LIVE LONG ENOUGH TO TESTIFY IN
00:05:41
ALL THE PROSECUTION NEEDED, SO
COURT.SE HEADED TO TRIAL. >> Narrator: WHILE HER
SEXUAL-ASSAULT CASE WAS PENDING,
00:05:49
HELENA GREENWOOD AND HER
HUSBAND, ROGER, MOVED FROM SAN FRANCISCO TO SAN DIEGO. SHE TOOK A NEW JOB WITH
GEN-PROBE, A BIOMEDICAL-RESEARCH
00:05:58
FIRM THAT WAS LOOKING FOR WAYS
TO DIAGNOSE DISEASE THROUGH DNA. >> IT WOULD BE MORE SPECIFIC OR
MORE ACCURATE.
00:06:08
IT WOULD ALSO ALLOW THE TESTING
TO BE MORE RAPID, CUTTING DOWN TESTS THAT WOULD TAKE SOMETIMES
WEEKS JUST TO DAYS -- OR THINGS
00:06:17
THAT WOULD TAKE DAYS, JUST DOWN
TO MINUTES.RAPID, CUTTING DOWN >> Narrator: ONE MORNING BEFORE
WORK, HELENA WAS AT HOME ON THE
00:06:26
THAT WOULD TAKE DAYS, JUST DOWN
TO MINUTES.RAPID, CUTTING DOWN
PHONE, MAKING LAST-MINUTE
PREPARATIONS FOR AN IMPORTANT
00:06:29
COMPANY MEETING. >> HELENA WAS VERY PROMPT. SHE WOULD ALWAYS COME IN AT
9:00.NY MEETING.
00:06:36
>> Narrator: BUT ON THIS DAY,
SHE NEVER ARRIVED. CO-WORKER SAM MORISHIMA HAD A
FEELING THAT SOMETHING WAS
00:06:45
TERRIBLY WRONG. >> BECAUSE SHE WOULD HAVE AT
LEAST CALLED. AND AGAIN, SHE WAS VERY PRECISE
ON HER ARRIVAL, ESPECIALLY IF
00:06:56
SHE HAD A MEETING WITH SOMEONE. >> Narrator: CO-WORKERS CALLED
HELENA'S HUSBAND AT WORK.
00:07:03
HE IMMEDIATELY DROVE HOME AND
FOUND THE FRONT GATE LOCKED. WHEN HE PEERED OVER THE FENCE,
HE SAW HIS WIFE'S BODY.K.
00:07:12
>> ROGER WAS IN TOTAL SHOCK, AND
HE FIRST CALLED GEN-PROBE. HE DIDN'T CALL THE POLICE.
00:07:16
HE CALLED GEN-PROBE.L SHOCK, AND
HE FIRST CALLED GEN-PROBE. THAT SHOWS HOW DISORIENTED HE
WAS.
00:07:22
>> WE RUSHED DOWN TO THE HOUSE. THE POLICE TAPES WERE UP. THEY WOULDN'T LET US THROUGH THE
GATE, BUT YOU KNEW THAT -- JUST
00:07:32
FROM THE TALK THAT WAS GOING
ON -- THAT HELENA WAS ASSAULTED, UH...RIGHT BEHIND THAT GATE
DOOR, IN THE COURTYARD.
00:07:42
>> Narrator: THE CRIME SCENE
APPEARED TO BE STAGED.ASSAULTED, IT HAD THE EARMARKS OF AATE
ROBBERY, BUT NO MONEY WAS
00:07:48
MISSING FROM HELENA'S WALLET. >> YOU HAD HER PURSE THAT WAS
STREWN ABOUT.NO MONEY WAS
00:07:53
THEY PRESERVED ALL OF THAT FOR
FINGERPRINTS OR OTHER EVIDENCE, OF WHICH, UNFORTUNATELY, THERE
WERE NONE.
00:08:00
>> THERE WAS NO PHYSICAL
EVIDENCE LEFT. OBVIOUSLY, HE WORE GLOVES. I MEAN, ONE SAFELY CAN ASSUME
THAT, I GUESS.
00:08:08
>> Narrator: AND IT WAS CLEAR
THAT HELENA VALIANTLY FOUGHT HER ATTACKER. >> THIS WOMAN PUT UP A
HELLACIOUS FIGHT.
00:08:14
OBVIOUSLY, IT WAS EVIDENCED BY
THE FACT THAT HER FINGERNAILS WERE ACTUALLY -- TWO OF THEM
WERE FOUND AT THE SCENE.
00:08:20
SHE HAD BROKEN THEM OFF WHILE
SCRATCHING THIS PERSON. >> Narrator: AT THE AUTOPSY, THE
MEDICAL EXAMINER DISCOVERED
00:08:29
PETECHIAL HEMORRHAGES INWHILE
HELENA'S EYES, AN INDICATION OF STRANGULATION. THERE WERE NO SIGNS OF SEXUAL
ASSAULT.
00:08:38
BUT UNDER HELENA'S FINGERNAILS
WERE TINY TRACES OF WHAT APPEARED TO BE BLOOD. UNFORTUNATELY, THE SAMPLE WAS
TOO SMALL FOR FORENSIC ANALYSIS.
00:08:50
>> I MEAN, WHAT COMES TO MIND
WHEN THERE'S A BIZARRE MURDER -- YOU KNOW, A STRANGULATION IN
BROAD DAYLIGHT?
00:08:56
YOU THINK MARITAL TROUBLE. YOU THINK CRIME. YOU THINK DRUGS.L TROUBLE. I MEAN, HELENA NEVER GOT WITHIN
A THOUSAND MILES OF ANY OF THOSE
00:09:04
THINGS, AND THAT SIMPLY DEEPENED
THE MYSTERY. >> Narrator: HELENA'S HUSBAND,N
ROGER, WAS THE FIRST PERSONTHOSE
00:09:12
THINGS, AND THAT SIMPLY DEEPENED
POLICE INTERVIEWED. >> HE WAS JUST SO MAD AT THE
POLICE AT THE TIME, BECAUSE HE
00:09:18
WAS JUST -- THEY WERELY DEEPENED
ACCUSING -- I MEAN, HE WAS A >> HE WAS JUST SO MAD AT THE
SUSPECT.T THE TIME, BECAUSE HE
00:09:23
AND HE WAS JUST SAYING, "WHY ARE
THEY, YOU KNOW, DOING THIS TO ME?"E WAS JUST SO MAD AT THE
>> WHENEVER A WOMAN IS KILLED,
00:09:30
THE PRIME SUSPECT IS GENERALLYRE
THE HUSBAND, AND STATISTICALLY, THAT BEARS OUT.
00:09:36
MOST WOMEN WHO ARE KILLED AREYRE
KILLED BY SOMEONE WELL-KNOWN TO THEM, USUALLY A ROMANTIC
INTEREST, AND THE HUSBAND IS
00:09:45
OFTEN THE PERPETRATOR. >> Narrator: ROGER SAID HE LEFT
HOME AT 8:00 A.M. AND WAS AT
00:09:51
WORK AT THE TIME OF HIS WIFE'S
MURDER, AROUND 9:00 A.M. RECORDS INDICATED HELENA HAD
BEEN ON THE TELEPHONE UNTIL 9:00
00:10:00
A.M., ABOUT THE TIME A NEIGHBOR
HEARD A COMMOTION.0 A.M. >> ONE MAN WHO LIVED NEXT DOOR
SAID ABOUT 9:00, WHEN HE WAS
00:10:09
SHAVING, HE THOUGHT HE HEARD A
HUMAN -- AN ABRUPT HUMAN CRY. BUT WHO KNOWS? >> Narrator: WHEN POLICE
CONFIRMED ROGER WAS AT WORK 40
00:10:19
MINUTES AWAY AT THAT TIME, HE
WAS ELIMINATED AS A SUSPECT. HELENA'S MURDER ALSO MEANT THAT
SHE WOULD NEVER TESTIFY AT THE
00:10:26
SEXUAL-ASSAULT TRIAL BACK IN
SAN FRANCISCO. >> GOT A CALL FROMSO MEANT THAT
ROGER FRANKLIN, WHO WAS AT THE
00:10:32
DR. GREENWOOD'S HUSBAND. ROGER TOLD ME THAT HIS WIFE HAD
BEEN MURDERED IN SAN DIEGO --
00:10:39
THE SAN DIEGO AREA -- WHERE THEY
HAD MOVED AFTER THE SEXUAL
DR. GREENWOOD'S HUSBAND.
00:10:43
ASSAULT.LD ME THAT HIS WIFE HAD
BEEN MURDERED IN SAN DIEGO -- THAT WAS A SICKENING MOMENT,
BECAUSE, UM, HE ALSO TOLD ME
00:10:51
ASSAULT.LD ME THAT HIS WIFE HAD
BEEN MURDERED IN SAN DIEGO --
THAT HER PURSE WAS FOUND NEAR
HER BODY.
00:10:54
HER CAR KEYS WERE THERE. HER CREDIT CARDS WERE THERE. IT DIDN'T APPEAR THAT THERE'D
BEEN A ROBBERY.
00:11:01
>> Narrator: DAVID PAUL
FREDIANI, THE MAN ACCUSED OF HELENA'S SEXUAL ASSAULT, HAD
BEEN OUT ON BAIL AT THE TIME OF
00:11:09
HELENA'S MURDER, BUT INSISTED HE
WAS 500 MILES AWAY INUSED OF HELENA'S SEXUAL ASSAULT, HAD
SAN FRANCISCO.IL AT THE TIME OF
00:11:14
INVESTIGATORS WERE NATURALLY
SUSPICIOUS. >> HE WAS THE ONLY PERSON WHO
CONCEIVABLY HAD A MOTIVE FOR OF
00:11:22
INVESTIGATORS WERE NATURALLY
DOING THIS. >> Narrator: THE PROSECUTORHO
REFUSED TO DROP THEOTIVE FOR OF
00:11:27
SEXUAL-ASSAULT CHARGES AGAINST
HIM, BUT EVERYONE WONDERED WHETHER THE PROSECUTOR WOULD
EVER GET A CONVICTION NOW THAT
00:11:35
HIS WITNESS WAS DEAD. WHETHER THE PROSECUTOR WOULD
EVER GET A CONVICTION NOW THAT
00:11:41
>> Narrator: JUST THREE WEEKS
BEFORE SHE WAS SCHEDULED TO TESTIFY IN HER SEXUAL-ASSAULT
TRIAL...
00:11:49
HELENA GREENWOOD WAS MURDERED IN
HER FRONT YARD. DAVID PAUL FREDIANI WENT ON
TRIAL AS SCHEDULED FOR HELENA'S
00:11:58
SEXUAL ASSAULT. PROSECUTORS HAD HIS FINGERPRINTS
ON HELENA'S TEAPOT, AND THEYA'S
00:12:06
ALSO FOUND SEROLOGICAL EVIDENCE. >> WE ALSO PRESENTED EVIDENCE
THAT THE SEMEN ON THE PILLOWCASE
00:12:13
IN HELENA GREENWOOD'S BEDROOM --
FIRST, THAT IT WAS SEMEN.IDENCE. SECOND, THAT IT WAS FROM A TYPE
"O" INDIVIDUAL WHO WAS A
00:12:23
SECRETOR, AND THAT A PGM TYPE,
PHOSPHOGLUCOMUTASE, OF ONE-PLUS ALL MATCHED FREDIANI'S A.B.O.
00:12:32
TYPE.TOR, AND THAT A PGM TYPE,
PHOSPHOGLUCOMUTASE, OF ONE-PLUS ALL MATCHED FREDIANI'S A.B.O.
>> Narrator: DNA TESTING IN 1985
WAS STILL IN ITS INFANCY.
00:12:39
AT THE LAST MINUTE, WHEN FACED
WITH THE FINGERPRINT AND SEROLOGICAL EVIDENCE, FREDIANI
PLEADED NO CONTEST TO THE
00:12:47
ASSAULT AND WAS SENTENCED TO
FIVE YEARS IN PRISON. BUT FREDIANI SAID HE WAS
INNOCENT OF HER MURDER.
00:12:58
>> THEY KNEW WHO KILLED
HELENA GREENWOOD, AND THEY KNEW
ASSAULT AND WAS SENTENCED TO
FIVE YEARS IN PRISON.
00:13:02
IT WAS DAVID PAUL FREDIANI, BUT
THEY COULDN'T PROVE IT.
BUT FREDIANI SAID HE WAS
INNOCENT OF HER MURDER.
00:13:06
>> THEY KNEW WHO KILLED
HELENA GREENWOOD, AND THEY KNEW
>> Narrator: EVENTUALLY,D TO
HELENA GREENWOOD'S MURDER WAS
00:13:09
IT WAS DAVID PAUL FREDIANI, BUT
THEY COULDN'T PROVE IT.
RELEGATED TO SAN DIEGO COUNTY'S
COLD-CASE FILES AND FORGOTTEN.
00:13:15
OVER THE NEXT SEVERAL YEARS,
HELENA'S PARENTS DIED. IT WAS DAVID PAUL FREDIANI, BUT
THEY COULDN'T PROVE IT.
HER HUSBAND, ROGER, DEVELOPED'S
CANCER, AND HE, TOO, PASSEDEN.
00:13:23
AWAY. IT WAS DAVID PAUL FREDIANI, BUT
THEY COULDN'T PROVE IT.
>> AND WHO IS THERE TO MOURN FOR
HELENA? AND HE, TOO, PASSEDEN.
00:13:29
VERY FEW AND GROWING FEWER. >> Narrator: AND GEN-PROBE WENT
ABOUT THE WORK HELENA HAD BEEN
00:13:36
PURSUING BEFORE HER DEATH,
LOOKING FOR WAYS TO USE NEW DNA TECHNOLOGY FOR QUICKER, FASTER
MEDICAL DIAGNOSES.
00:13:47
DAVID FREDIANI SERVED ONLY THREE
YEARS OF HIS 5-YEAR SENTENCE AND WAS RELEASED. HE RETURNED TO HIS ACCOUNTING
PRACTICE.
00:13:56
>> THIS IS A VERY EGOTISTICAL,
SELF-CENTERED, OBVIOUSLY HE RETURNED TO HIS ACCOUNTING
SOCIOPATHIC, PERSON.
00:14:02
"HEY, I JUST GOT AWAY WITH
MURDER." YOU KNOW? AND HIS LIFE WENT ON, AND HE
PROSPERED.
00:14:09
>> Narrator: AND THAT'S WHERE
THE CASE STOOD FOR ANOTHER 10 YEARS UNTIL INVESTIGATORS IN
SAN DIEGO'S COLD-CASE UNIT
00:14:18
DECIDED TO TAKE A SECOND LOOK AT
HELENA GREENWOOD'S MURDER. 10 AND DEEP IN HELENA'S FILE WAS A
PIECE OF INFORMATION THAT
00:14:28
IMMEDIATELY CAUGHTSECOND LOOK AT
INVESTIGATORS' ATTENTION.. 10 SEVEN DAYS BEFORE HELENA'S
MURDER, DAVID PAUL FREDIANI WAS
00:14:36
INVOLVED IN A MINOR TRAFFIC
ACCIDENT IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, NOT FAR FROM HELENA'S HOME.
00:14:42
>> THE DEFENDANT HAD NO BUSINESS
BEING IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. WE KNEW HE KNEW SHE LIVED DOWN
HERE, ALTHOUGH WE DIDN'T KNOW
NOT FAR FROM HELENA'S HOME.
00:14:50
HOW HE HAD THAT INFORMATION. BUT IT JUST SEEMED A LITTLE BIT
STRANGE THAT HE'S AWAITING
00:14:55
TRIAL, HE LIVES IN
SAN FRANCISCO, AND HE TAKES A TRIP DOWN TO SOUTHERNLITTLE BIT
CALIFORNIA.T HE'S AWAITING
00:15:01
>> Narrator: AS DETECTIVES
LOOKED THROUGH THE EVIDENCE, THEY NOTED THERE WAS A TINY BIT
SPECK OF BLOOD UNDER HELENA'S
00:15:09
FINGERNAIL -- AT THE TIME, FAR
TOO SMALL FOR DNA TESTING. HAD FORENSIC SCIENCE ADVANCED TO
THE POINT THAT IT COULD IDENTIFY
00:15:20
A SPECK OF BLOOD ALMOST TOO
SMALL TO SEE? >> Narrator: FOR 13 YEARS, THE
MURDER OF BIOTECH-RESEARCH
00:15:32
SCIENTIST HELENA GREENWOOD WENT
UNSOLVED. THE MEDICAL EXAMINER FOUND WHAT
LOOKED TO BE BLOOD UNDER ONE OF
00:15:39
HER FINGERNAILS. AT THE TIME, IT WAS FAR TOO
SMALL FOR DNA ANALYSIS. BY 1998, HOWEVER, WORK THAT
GEN-PROBE AND SCIENTISTS LIKE
00:15:50
HELENA GREENWOOD HAD BEEN
WORKING ON LED TO NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN DNA TESTING. ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT WAS
POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION, OR
00:16:02
PCR, WHICH ENABLED SCIENTISTS TO
COPY MINUTE DNA SAMPLES UNTIL THEY WERE LARGE ENOUGH TO TEST.
00:16:10
>> POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION
ALLOWS YOU TO MAKE A GEOMETRICALLY INCREASING NUMBER
OF COPIES WHERE YOU START WITH
00:16:17
ONE. AFTER ONE ROUND OF PCR, YOU END
UP WITH TWO AND THEN FOUR AND THEN EIGHT AND SO ON.
00:16:23
THE BIG ADVANTAGE OF PCR FOR
FORENSIC WORK IS THAT IT IS SO SENSITIVE. A VERY SMALL AMOUNT OF DNA CAN
YIELD A VERY LARGE AMOUNT OF
00:16:31
INFORMATION. >> IT'S A FORTUNATE THING THAT
THEY DIDN'T TRY TO TEST IT AT THE TIME, BECAUSE AS YOU TEST
BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL, IT'S
00:16:42
DESTROYED.FORTUNATE THING THAT
THEY DIDN'T TRY TO TEST IT AT AND HAD THEY, AT THE TIME OF
HELENA'S AUTOPSY, TESTED THAT
00:16:47
DESTROYED.FORTUNATE THING THAT
THEY DIDN'T TRY TO TEST IT AT
MATERIAL, THEY WOULD HAVE FOUND
NOTHING, AND THE MATERIAL WOULD
00:16:52
HAVE BEEN DESTROYED. >> Narrator: WHEN THE BIOLOGICAL
MATERIAL FROM HELENA'S
00:16:58
FINGERNAILS WAS TESTED USING
PCR, SCIENTISTS MADE AN >> Narrator: WHEN THE BIOLOGICAL
IMPORTANT FINDING.NA'S
00:17:03
>> ON SOME OF THE FINGERNAIL
CLIPPINGS, THEY FOUND ONLY DNA THAT WAS CONSISTENT WITH
DR. GREENWOOD'S.
00:17:10
AND ON ONE OF THE CLIPPINGS,
THEY FOUND DNA THAT WAS ESSENTIALLY PURE -- WAS NOT FROM
DR. GREENWOOD AT ALL.
00:17:18
AND THAT'S WHEN THEY GOT VERY
INTERESTED, BECAUSE, OF COURSE, THE POSSIBILITY IS THAT THAT'SOM
THE PERPETRATOR'S DNA.
00:17:27
>> Narrator: AND INVESTIGATORS
FOUND EVEN MORE EVIDENCE ON HELENA'S CLOTHING.
00:17:33
ON HER NYLON STOCKINGS WERE GRAB
MARKS, SO THEY DECIDED TO TEST THAT AREA FOR MICROSCOPIC TRACES
OF BLOOD AND FOUND SOME.
00:17:44
THE DNA FROM HELENA'S FINGERNAIL
AND STOCKINGS WAS COMPARED TO A BLOOD SAMPLE FROM
DAVID FREDIANI.
00:17:52
AND HERE ARE THE NUMBERS. THE ODDS THAT THE DNA UNDER
HELENA'S FINGERNAIL AND
BLOOD SAMPLE FROM
DAVID FREDIANI.
00:17:59
STOCKINGS WAS SOMEONE OTHER THAN
DAVID FREDIANI'S WAS ONE IN 23 BILLION. THAT THE DNA UNDER
HELENA'S FINGERNAIL AND
BLOOD SAMPLE FROM
DAVID FREDIANI.
00:18:06
HE COULD HARDLY BELIEVE IT WHEN
POLICE ARRESTED HIM. >> MR. FREDIANI CAME OUT OF HIS
HOUSE AND BEGAN WALKING TO HIS
00:18:14
CAR, AND THAT'S WHEN WE
APPROACHED HIM AND PLACED HIM UNDER ARREST. HIS REACTION WAS -- ALL THE
COLOR JUST RUSHED FROM HIS FACE.
00:18:23
HE TURNED WHITE. I THINK HE KNEW AT THAT POINT
THAT HE WASN'T GONNA BE LOOKING OVER HIS SHOULDER ANYMORE.
00:18:30
IT WAS OVER. AND, UH, GREAT SATISFACTION FOR
US. >> Narrator: DAVID PAUL FREDIANI
WAS CHARGED WITH FIRST-DEGREE
00:18:39
MURDER. >> ONE OF THE TRAGEDIES OF MANY
TRAGEDIES IN THIS CASE IS THAT ROGER NEVER LIVED TO HEAR THAT
FREDIANI, WHO HE KNEW HAD DONE
MURDER.
00:18:49
THE MURDER -- HE NEVER LIVED TO
HEAR THAT THE SAN DIEGO AUTHORITIES WERE ABLE TO
IDENTIFY MR. FREDIANI AS THE
00:18:57
MURDERER. >> Narrator: PROSECUTORS BELIEVE
FREDIANI MURDERED HELENA IN THE
00:19:03
MISTAKEN BELIEF THAT HER DEATH
WOULD END THE SEXUAL-ASSAULT >> Narrator: PROSECUTORS BELIEVE
CASE AGAINST HIM. HELENA IN THE
00:19:08
>> HE WASN'T SMART ENOUGH TO
UNDERSTAND THAT JUST BECAUSE HE KILLED MRS. GREENWOOD, THAT HER
PRELIMINARY TESTIMONY WAS STILL
00:19:15
GONNA BE USED. HE DIDN'T REALIZE. THAT WAS THE ERROR IN HIS PLAN. >> Narrator: HE DROVE 500 MILES
FROM HIS HOME IN SAN FRANCISCO
00:19:24
TO HELENA'S HOME IN SAN DIEGO TO
STALK THE COUPLE AND LEARN THEIR SCHEDULES. HIS FIRST MISTAKE WAS GETTING
INTO A CAR ACCIDENT A FEW DAYS
00:19:36
BEFORE THE MURDER -- PROOF THAT
HE WAS IN SAN DIEGO BEFORE THE CRIME. FREDIANI LEARNED THAT ROGER LEFT
FOR WORK EVERY MORNING AROUND
00:19:47
8:00 A.M., ABOUT AN HOUR BEFORE
HELENA. PROSECUTORS BELIEVE FREDIANI
WAITED FOR HELENA OUTSIDE HER
00:19:56
FRONT GATE. HE WAS WEARING GLOVES TO AVOID
LEAVING FINGERPRINTS LIKE HE DID WHEN HE ASSAULTED HELENA A YEAR
EARLIER.TE.
00:20:05
WHEN HE HEARD HELENA CLOSE THE
FRONT DOOR, HE MADE HIS MOVE.DID FREDIANI PROBABLY BELIEVED THE
GLOVES WOULD PROTECT HIM AND
00:20:15
DIDN'T REALIZE HE LEFT CRUCIAL
FORENSIC EVIDENCE BEHIND.OVE.DID IRONICALLY, IT WAS HELENA WHOE
GRABBED IT.D PROTECT HIM AND
00:20:23
>> I CAN ONLY IMAGINE WHAT WAS
GOING THROUGH HELENA'S MIND --ID THAT THIS MAN WHO ASSAULTED HER
IS OBVIOUSLY COMING TO DO HARM
00:20:31
TO HER. MAYBE IT'S JUST A LITTLE TOO
MUCH TO THINK, BUT SHE SCRATCHED THE HECK OUT OF THIS GUY.
00:20:37
WE KNOW SHE DID. I ALMOST WONDER, LIKE, "HEY, I'M
GONNA LEAVE SOME EVIDENCE BEHIND
00:20:42
TO SHOW WHO MY KILLER WAS. I MAY NOT SURVIVE THIS, BUT BY
GOD, I'M GONNA LEAVE SOMETHING
00:20:47
BEHIND TO TELL YOU WHO KILLED
ME." AND I THINK THIS IS WHAT
HAPPENED IN THIS CASE.
00:20:54
>> Narrator: AT THE TRIAL, UNDER
CROSS-EXAMINATION, FREDIANI ADMITTED TO THE SEXUAL ASSAULT,
BUT HE DID NOT CONFESS TO HER
00:21:03
MURDER. REGARDLESS, HE WAS CONVICTED AND
SENTENCED TO LIFE IN PRISON. >> WE EXPECT VICTIMS TO TESTIFY,
AND THAT'S WHAT HELENA GREENWOOD
00:21:13
REGARDLESS, HE WAS CONVICTED AND
DID.ENCED TO LIFE IN PRISON. SHE TESTIFIED AGAINST THE
DEFENDANT AT THE PRELIMINARY
00:21:19
EXAMINATION, AND THEN HE TRACKED
HER DOWN, AND HE KILLED HER, AND NO CONVICTION IS JUSTICE FOR
WHAT HAPPENED TO HER.
00:21:28
EXAMINATION, AND THEN HE TRACKED
HER DOWN, AND HE KILLED HER, AND
BUT IRONICALLY, THE SCIENCE THAT
SHE WAS WORKING ON, IN FACT,
00:21:32
HELPED PUT AWAY HER KILLER.